М. В. Весельский, П. Б. Хоецкий

Житомирский краеведческий музей, Национальный лесотехнический университет Украины

ИХИТИОФАУНА АКВАТОРИИ АРХИПЕЛАГА АРГЕНТИНСКИЕ ОСТРОВА (УКРАИНСКАЯ АНТАРКТИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКСПЕДИЦИЯ 2015-2016 гг.)

Исследование ихтиофауны архипелага Аргентинские острова проведены в течение апреля 2015 – марта 2016 гг. Подтверждено в акватории архипелага существования семи видов рыб (Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, Chaenocephalus aceratus, Parachaenichthys charcoti, Trematomus newnesi, Harpagifer antarcticus, Notothenia rossii). Доминантом была Notothenia coriiceps, а субдоминантами – Trematomus bernacchi и Chaenocephalus aceratus. Больше всего видовое многообразие зарегистрировано в мае, а больше всего рыбы (свыше 50%) в уловах зарегистрированы в течение июля-августа. Проанализированы видоспецифичные признаки 99 рыб пяти видов: Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, Chaenocephalus aceratus, Parachaenichthys charcoti, Trematomus newnesi. Рацион питания рыб (Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi) составляют членистоногие, рыбы, моллюски, кольчатые черви, случаются – водоросли. У разных видов рыб наполнения пищеварительного тракта характеризовалось различными баллами. В большинстве Notothenia coriiceps наполнения пищеварительной системы было незначительным (II балл), у 50% Trematomus bernacchi в пищеварительном тракте кормов не обнаружено. В 96,9% пойманных Notothenia coriiceps гонады, в зависимости от пола и периода года, были на II и III стадии зрелости, Chaenocephalus aceratus – на III-V, в Trematomus bernacchi – II-V стадии.

Ключевые слова: ихтиофауна, Аргентинские острова, Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, меристические признаки, питание

M. V. Veselskyy, P. B. Khoetskyy

Zhytomyr Museum of Local Lore, Ukraine, TUkrainian National forestry University, Ukraine

ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE WATERS OF THE ARCHIPELAGO OF THE ARGENTINE ISLANDS (UKRAINIAN ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 2015-2016)

The study of the ichthyofauna of the archipelago of the Argentine Islands was conducted during the period April 2015 – March 2016. During the research period, 170 fish of seven species were caught. Seven species of fish (Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, Chaenocephalus aceratus, Parachaenichthys charcoti, and Trematomus newnesi, Harpagifer antarcticus, Notothenia rossii) were found to dwell in the waters of the archipelago. Nototheniid fish form the basis of the Antarctic shelf ichthyofauna. Dominant in the catching was Notothenia coriiceps, and subdominant – Trematomus bernacchi and Chaenocephalus aceratus. In catching, broad-headed notothenia made up more than 70% of the total number of fish, striped rock cod - more than 9%, mackerel icefish – more than 7%. The share of other fish in the catching (Parachaenichthys charcoti, Trematomus newnesi, Harpagifer antarcticus, Notothenia rossii) was less than 10% of the total number of the specimens caught. The greatest species diversity was observed in May, and most fish (over 50%) in the catching was registered in July–August. Analyzed were specific characteristics of 99 fish of five species: Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, Chaenocephalus aceratus, Parachaenichthys charcoti and Trematomus newnesi. No significant meristic differences were found for these fish species compared to the materials presented in scientific sources. Feeding of the fish (Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi) includes arthropods, fish, mollusks, annelid worms, sometimes – algae. The basis of Notothenia coriiceps feeding were arthropods, which were found in 85.4% of the fish stomachs. The representatives of the three ranges of arthropods, Amphipoda, Isopoda, Euphausiacea, were recorded in the diet of Notothenia coriiceps. Most often, the victims of the fish were amphipods Paracerodocus gibber and others, isopods (Glyptonotus antarcticus, Serolis paradoxa) occurred two times less, and the least recorded number was krill (Euphausia sp.). The average weight of the notothenia stomachs (n = 62), without feed content, was 14.6 ± 0.8 g, and with the stomach fullness – approximately twice as much – 27.4 ± 1.5 g. The fullness of the digestive tract in different species of fish was characterized by various indexes (points). In most Notothenia coriiceps, the fullness was low (II points), no feed was detected in the digestive system of 50% of Trematomus bernacchi. In 96.9% of Notothenia coriiceps caught, the gonadal development, depending on the sex and period of the year, was at stages II and III of maturity, in Chaenocephalus aceratus – stages III-V, in Trematomus bernacchi – stages II-V.

Keywords: ichthyofauna, the Argentine Islands, Notothenia coriiceps, Trematomus bernacchi, meristic features, feeding