А. В. Курейшевич, О. О. Яровий, О. В. Мантурова

Институт гидробиологии НАН Украины

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНЫХ ВЫСОКИХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЙ НЕОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО АЗОТА НА ПРОДУКЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ФИТОПЛАНКТОНА

В условиях экстремально высокого загрязнения воды соединениями неорганического азота каскада прудов парка «Александрия» (Белая Церковь) показатели численности, биомассы фитопланктона, концентрации хлорофилла а, валовой продукции фитопланктона значительно снижаются по сравнению с незагрязненными прудами. В наиболее загрязненным азотом прудах в фитопланктоне по численности доминируют виды Chlorophyta (до 60% общей), по биомассе - Euglenophyta (до 85% от общей).

Ключевые слова: азотное загрязнение, аммонийный азот, нитратный азот, фитопланктон, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, хлорофилл а, продукция

A. V. Kureyshevich, A. A. Yaroviy, O. V. Manturova

Institute of Hydrobiology NAS of Ukraine

EFFECT OF EXTREMELY HIGH CONCENTRATION OF INORGANIC NITROGEN ON PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYTOPLANKTON

Investigations were carried out in summer in cascade of ponds of the “Oleksandriya” park (town of Bila Tserkva), which are characterized by extremely high content of the nitrogen compounds in water (up to 369,4 mgN/dm3 of ammonium nitrogen and up to 185,4 mgN/dm3 of nitrate nitrogen in the mostly polluted upper ponds). Nitrogen compounds the most probably enter the ponds with underground waters from the fertilizers’ burial. It was revealed that content of inorganic nitrogen in water significantly varies depending on weather conditions, particularly on temperature, activity of nitrification and denitrification processes. It has been found that values of numbers, biomass, chlorophyll a content, net production and total photosynthesis, as well as organic matters’ destruction, in the polluted ponds were significantly lower, than in the not-polluted. Along with growth of the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen contents phytoplankton composition changed towards increase of portion of Euglenophyta and simultaneous decrease of Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta portions. In the mostly polluted ponds in phytoplankton in terms of numbers dominated Chlorophyta (up 60% of total numbers), in terms of biomass – Euglenophyta (up to 85% of total biomass). The species were revealed to the most degree resistant to the nitric, particularly ammonium, pollution: Euglena granulatа,. Phacus pleuronectes, Phacus mirabilis, Phacus caudatus, Phacus curvicauda.

Keywords: nitric pollution, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, phytoplankton, Euglenophyta, Chlorophyta, Phacus, Euglena, chlorophyll a, production