В. Н. Марценюк, А. С. Потрохов, О. Г. Зиньковський

Институт гидробиологии НАН Украины, Киев

АДАПТИВНЫЙ БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ ОТВЕТ КАРПА И ОКУНЯ НА ДЕЙСТВИЕ ПОВЫШЕННОГО ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО РЕЖИМА ВОДЫ

Исследованы физиолого-биохимическое состояние и особенности энергетического обмена рыб различных таксономических статусов за действия повышенной температуры воды. Установлено, что изоляция от неблагоприятного температурного фактора в окуня и карпа на биохимическом уровне происходит различным образом. Активность АТФ-азы в мышцах карпа и жабрах окуня свидетельствует об усилении гидролизной функции фермента. Активность ферментов энергетического обмена свидетельствует о наступлении гипоксии в тканях как у карпа так и в окуня. В обоих видов рыб содержание гликогена в печени с изменением температурного режима растет, что может свидетельствовать о нарушении его утилизации. Полученные изменения биохимических показателей у карпа и окуня указывают на межвидовой разницу в реакции этих видов на нетипичные изменения температурных условий

Ключевые слова: окунь, карп, температура, энергетический обмен, ферменты, гликоген

V. M. Martseniuk, A. S. Potrokhov, O. G. Zinkovskyi

Institute of Hydrobiology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv

ADAPTIVE BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSE CARP AND PERCH ACTION ON INCREASED WATER TEMPERATURE REGIME

Investigated physiological and biochemical status and characteristics of energy metabolism of fish of different taxonomic status of the elevated water temperatures. We know that climate change observed over the past century, forcing living organisms to generate compensatory mechanisms of adverse factors. This is primarily manifested in the change of enzymatic activity of many biochemical reactions in the body of the fish. The fact that enzymes are heterogeneous and each isoenzyme shows the character of the reactions in a particular organ, can be one of the mechanisms that poikilothermic animals use to compensate for changes in temperature. Established that isolation from adverse temperature factor in perch and carp at the biochemical level occurs in different ways. ATPase activity in muscles gills of carp and perch indicates the gain function of the enzyme hydrolysis in turn muscle perch it can cause activation of anabolic reactions to counteract the stress factor. Also, the increased activity of the enzyme in the gills may result from activation of compensatory mechanisms aimed at using more energy for normal life. SDG indicators of activity in the tissues studied species mostly correlated and indicate the onset of hypoxia in the muscles of fish from increasing water temperatures. The only difference can be noted in the gills perch, namely the initial increase in activity SDG already at 26 ° C. LDH activity in the muscles of perch and carp has turned nature and perch indicates significant inhibition of glycolytic pathways. This activity is one of the key glycolytic enzymes in carp tissues may indicate a bit slow, but more or less stable passage anaerobic processes. In both species glycogen content in the liver with changing temperature conditions increases, which may indicate a breach of its utilization. These changes can be caused by amplification glikogeneza carp in the liver due to an increase in temperature. It is also possible that high temperatures can inhibit the enzyme system in the liver glycogenolysis perch, which is reflected in his inability to carry out the disposal of the aforementioned energy substrate. The resulting changes in biochemical parameters of carp and perch indicate interspecific differences in these types of reactions to unusual changes in temperature conditions. Later in natural waters may determine the whereabouts of these fish, and artificial - they fish productivity.

Keywords: perch, carp, temperature, energy metabolism, enzymes, glycogen